Image above courtesy of NASA: NASA Launches Five Rockets in Five Minutes - See NASA's sounding rocket section on Tracer Clouds and Trails

I have been researching the artificial cloud phenomenon for over three years now and I am constantly asked the same questions, so to alleviate much personal grief and provide a singular source of accurate information I have created this FAQ for you to share, challenge, debate, and hopefully contribute to. Let's dive in:

AIRCRAFT

#1 There's Barium and Aluminum in jet exhaust?

True.

Take a look at the IPCC's report and you will see confirmation that indeed barium and aluminum are indeed in the exhaust plumes of jets.

3.2.3.2 Metal Particles
Aircraft jet engines also directly emit metal particles. Their sources include engine erosion and the combustion of fuel containing trace metal impurities or metal particles that enter the exhaust with the fuel (Chapter 7). Metal particles-comprising elements such as Al, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, and Ba-are estimated to be present at the parts per billion by volume (ppbv) level at nozzle exit planes (CIAP, 1975; Fordyce and Sheibley, 1975). The corresponding concentrations of 10⁷ to 10⁸ particles/kg fuel (assuming 1-mm radius; see below) are much smaller than for soot. Although metals have been found as residuals in cirrus and contrail ice particles (Chen et al., 1998; Petzold et al., 1998; Twohy and Gandrud, 1998), their number and associated mass are considered too small to affect the formation or properties of more abundant volatile and soot plume aerosol particles.

Aluminum, Titanium, Chromium, Iron, Nickel, and Barium are estimated to be in the parts per billion, meaning very small (trace) amounts, and that is based on two estimates (meaning "educated" guesses) from 1975. Is this some kind of joke?

"The detected metallic compounds were all internally mixed with the soot particles. The most abundant metals in the exhaust were Cr, Fe, Mo, Na, Ca and Al; V, Ba, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mg, Mn, Si, Ti and Zr were also detected. "

ABUNDANT: Chromium, Iron, Molybdenum, Sodium, Calcium, and Aluminum. ALSO DETECTED: Vanadium, Barium, Cobalt, Copper, Nickel, Lead, Magnesium, Manganese, Silicon, Titanium, and Zirconium.

“Considering that some fraction of soot can effectively act as INP (Cozic et al., 2008) and that a dominant fraction of ice residuals in cirrus clouds contain metal compounds (Agrawal et al., 2008) the presented findings support the assumption that aircraft engine emissions can act as INP”

“Based on findings presented in the special report on aviation and the global atmosphere (IPCC, 1999) and IPCC AR4 WG1 (IPCC, 2007), Lee et al. (2009) divided the climate effects from aircraft PM on climate into three radiative forcing components: soot aerosols, linear condensation trails (contrails), and induced cirrus cloudiness, which are all believed to result in a warming. In addition, the emitted particles could act as Ice Nucleating Particles (INP) and affect natural clouds “

“Moreover, it has been found that some fraction of carboncontaining particles are efficient INPs (Cozic et al., 2008). Thus, aircraft emissions can lead to regionally increased INP concentration affecting natural cirrus clouds even in the absence of contrail formation (K€ archer et al., 2007), including changes in optical properties and delays of freezing onsets (Burkhardt and K€ archer, 2011). This is explained by additional heterogeneous INP inhibiting the homogeneous freezing of the background aerosol particles, due to the decreased water content available. The magnitude of this effect remains uncertain because it depends heavily on the icenucleating efficiency of the emitted soot particles and of the background aerosol particles which are not yet completely understood (Zhou and Penner, 2014). A study performed by Cziczo et al. (2013) tackling the properties of INP in the upper troposphere showed that a dominant fraction of Ice Residuals (IR) collected in cirrus clouds contain metal compounds such as sodium, potassium, copper, lead and iron. These compounds have also been found in aircraft emissions by sampling the exhaust (Agrawal et al., 2008). Also, Cziczo et al. (2009) showed that lead-containing mineral dust particles are efficient INP, as a consequence, lead- or metal containing particles might increase the INP number in the atmosphere. Thus, a thorough chemical characterization of single particles from fresh aircraft PM emissions provides information to study the link between aircraft emissions and ice formation processes in the atmosphere “

“Experimental studies on the ice nucleating ability of soot showed that larger particles generally are more efficient INP than smaller ones (DeMott, 1990; Diehl and Mitra, 1998). Thus, assuming that particles emitted by aircraft engines can act as INP, their efficiency probably also increases with increasing particle size. Because we sampled the largest particles with the ATOFMS, they can be considered the fraction that is likely to be the most important regarding the contribution of aircraft emissions to INP. “

“Barium was detected in kerosene and in oil. It is not supposed to be present in any engine parts."

“Particles containing metallic compounds were all internally mixed with the soot. The following compounds were detected in particles from all engines: Cr, Fe, Mo, Na, Ca, Al, V, Ba, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mg, Mn, Si and Ti."

SOURCE: Abegglen, Manuel, et al. “Chemical characterization of freshly emitted particulate matter from aircraft exhaust using single particle mass spectrometry." Atmospheric Environment 134 (2016): 181-197.

“How Jets Make Metal Clouds - JUST THE FACTS” • Read the Article • Watch this Video on YouTube

The facts are simple:

exhaust and jet fuel tests are done in labs.
these tests do not represent real world conditions (FAME contamination, Hum-bugs, poor engine/fuel system maintenance, etc).
these tests are not randomized (aircraft operator does not expect to be tested) on site (in situ, behind planes) samples.
with over 110,000 flights per day and billions of gallons of fuel burnt yearly, every part per billion (ppb) of metal sprayed overhead matters!
although soot is a major cloud condensation nuclei, latest research is finding that cirrus clouds seeds are predominately man-made metals. EXPLAIN THAT. “Clarifying the Dominant Sources and Mechanisms of Cirrus Cloud Formation”

I spoke at an EPA hearing on pollution from jet aircraft and pointed this fact out: we need real-world, randomized testing.

“My Speech to the EPA about Flight Pollution” • Read the Article • Watch this Video on YouTube

So here are the facts we know:

During the "Single Fuel Concept" conversion from 1988-1996, all NATO aircraft switched from gasoline based fuel (JP-5) to kerosene (diesel) fuel (JP-8) the aluminum content of the fuels tripled. See this chart Trace Element and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Analyses of Jet Engine Fuels: Jet A, JP5, and JP8:

Aluminum and other metals in JP-8 jet fuel

Additionally, aluminum nanoparticles are possibly being used as jet fuel additives for performance enhancement:

In the study, Anand and co-author J. Sadhik Basha first used a mechanical agitator to create an emulsion consisting of jatropha biodiesel (a fuel derived from the crushed seeds of the jatropha plant), water, and a surfactant, then blended in different proportions of alumina nanoparticles. In addition to outperforming regular biofuel, the nanoparticle-spiked fuels produced significantly lower quantities of nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide gases, and created less smoke.

The researchers are now testing other types of nanoparticles, including hollow carbon nanotubes, and investigating the effects of nano-additives to engine lubrication and cooling systems. One obstacle to the application of this kind of nanotechnology is the high cost of nanoparticle production, says Anand—who also cautions that nanoparticles “should be used judiciously,” because they tend to “entrain into human bodies.“ Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2011-04-nanoparticles-biofuel.html

Atmospheric Aluminum from Erosion

Although rockets produce tons more aluminum than planes do (until testing shows otherwise), both are tiny compared to good ole dirt blowing up from the ground:
Gatz, Donald F., and Joseph M. Prospero. "A large silicon-aluminum aerosol plume in central Illinois: North African desert dust?." Atmospheric Environment 30.22 (1996): 3789-3799.

The FAA's plan for Contrail Control involves large scale farms growing BIOFUELS. This will of course lead to more erosion of aluminum, possible "Dust Bowl" conditions, and the circle continues. See: Biofuels could not help climate change and The Artificial Cloud BOMBSHELL! Secret Agenda Explained!

Other Sources of Barium and Aluminum

As we saw earlier, aluminum and barium is in the jet fuel. Furthermore NASA says:

Barium compounds serve as corrosion and rust inhibitors; detergent; anti-smoke additive in fuels. Zinc dithiophosphate (ZDP) or dialky-dithiophosphate (ZDDP) are anti-wear, anti-oxidant, and corrosion inhibitors. Sodium (Na) and barium (Ba) are associated with detergents that neutralize strong acids, produced during the combustion process. Phenolates, sulphonates and phosphonates of alkaline and alkaline-earth elements, such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) or barium (Ba) are used as detergents in lubricants. - Chemistry Characterization of Jet Aircraft Engine Particulate by XPS: Results From APEX III

And the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) says:

Barium and compounds are used in oil and gas drilling muds, automotive paints, stabilizers for plastics, case hardening steels, bricks, tiles, lubricating oils, and jet fuel as well as in various types of pesticides. ToxGuide for Barium CAS# 7440-39-3

Orbital Lift and Sounding Rockets

Tweet from Chris Fallen, Director of HAARP on Sounding Rockets and legitimate chemtrails - Chemical Tracer from a Previous Rocket Launch (NASA)

Rocket having barium release system to create ion clouds in the upper atmosphere

https://patents.google.com/patent/US3813875

Rocket exhaust is a HUGE source of atmospheric aluminum: The Space Shuttle and its naughty solid rocket boosters

Each time a space shuttle is launched, the solid rocket boosters release 240 tons of HCl gas, 26 tons of chlorine gas, 7 tons of nitrogen dioxide gas, and 304 tons of aluminum oxide into the atmosphere. The resulting hydrochloric acid dissolves eight inches of concrete on the launch pad, raises the concentration of hydrochloric acid in nearby lakes to 3 M, produces massive fish kills in the ocean, and destroys the paint on cars. Leading chemists believe that the HCl is a major contributor to the holes in the ozone layer. source, see also: Space Shuttle Exhausted Aluminum Oxide' A Measured Particle Size Distribution

The ionosphere, Van Allen belts, and upper atmospheric winds are invisible. Solution: Dump chemicals in space and suddenly the invisible can be studied: visibly with telescopes, optically with lasers, and electromagnetically heated with high-powered microwaves (ionospheric heaters) to modify space weather. Aluminum (TMA), Barium, Strontium, Sulfur Hexaflouride (SF6), and Lithium have been dumped in space to study and modify space weather for over sixty years and nobody knew.

Harry Wexler warned in 1963 that rockets are burning holes in the ionosphere, destroying the ozone layer, and modifying weather on a global scale. The year following his death W. W. Kellogg from the RAND Corporation suggested expanding the use of sounding rockets to do just that: modify global weather.

“Chemtrails From SPACE! Sounding Rockets, Satellite Chemical Releases, and Ionospheric Heaters” • Watch this Playlist on YouTube

Sounding Rocket Timeline

THE ARGUS EXPERIMENT* BY N. C. CHRISTOFILOS - 1958

Discovery of “The Christofilos Effect” - Electromagnetic pulse from nuclear detonation (Argus) traps particles in the ionosphere that fry satellites while bouncing from pole to pole along the Van Allen belts.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christofilos_effect

WEXLER'S WARNING - 1962

“On the Possibilities of Climate Control” in 1962:
Harry Wexler on Geoengineering and Ozone Destruction

Download PowerPoint by James Roger Fleming

WEXLER'S DEATH - 1962

On 11 August 1962, Harry Wexler died suddenly from a heart attack.

WARNING IGNORED - May 1963

Active experiments, magnetospheric modification, and a naturally occurring analogue 1973_8608000359_l

Create an artificial ion cloud in interplanetary space for studying the state of the interplanetary medium .. sounding rocket experiments Foppl et al., 1965, Active experiments, magnetospheric modification, and a naturally occurring analogue

RAND CORP: MORE ROCKETS! - 1964

Pollution of the Upper Atmosphere by Rockets - W. W. Kellogg - RAND Corporation - June 11, 1964

SOUNDING ROCKET USE EXPANDS, BIGLY

artificial-strontium-and-barium-clouds-in-the-upper-atmosphere

February 14, 1964 to December 3, 1964, Spraying Artificial Strontium and Barium Clouds in the Upper Atmosphere
“So far seven different experiments have been carried out with sounding rockets in the Sahara and in Sardinia” www.igpp.ucla.edu

observations-of-the-developement-of-striations-in-large-barium-ion-clouds-1972

June 1972, Project SECEDE Observations of the Developement of Striations in Large Barium Ion Clouds
Striations develop within large (12-352 kg releases) barium ion clouds in a two-stage process. First the clouds split into sheets commencing at the trailing edge of the cloud. Then distortions-or pinching effects within the individual sheets cause the formation of field-aligned ray-like structures.
In the clouds observed, the individual sheets were 200 m to 1000 m in thickness and were spaced 700 m to 2000 m apart. Quasi-sinu-soidal waviness or spatially periodic thickenings exhibited a wavelength typically 700 m to 1000 m.When rod-like structures appeared, these were typically-200 m to 400 m in diameter and were spaced along the pre-existing sheet at 700 m to 1000 m on centers. www.dtic.mil

arpa-project-secede-ii-barium-cloud-releases-in-the-ionosphere-1972

November 1972, ARPA Project SECEDE II barium cloud releases
High resolution optical measurements were made of a series of high altitude barium releases at Eglin AFB during January 1971. Data was obtained on the individual cloud motions (ion and neutral), morphology, and fine structure striation development viewed up the geomagnetic field lines. <ahref=“http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/756938.pdf" target="_blank” rel=“noopener noreferrer”>www.dtic.mil

January 1974, High-explosive shaped Barium charges pound ionosphere

Hollow conical liners of barium metal, detonated above 500-km altitude, jets of barium plasma with a range of initial velocity of 8 to 20 km/sec have been created. onlinelibrary.wiley.com

WHAT DID THEY JUST SAY?!? - 1976

Bombshell Alert

"But perhaps the most exotic form of geophysical warfare concerns tampering with the electrical behavior of the ionosphere. Techniques for disturbing radio communication by “punching holes” in the ionosphere with nuclear explosions have been long discussed. So, too, have proposals for opening up lethal windows in the ionosphere to let in the short wavelength ultraviolet radiation which is known to damage biological systems, causing skin cancers in man and damage to crops. What is new, is the suggestion that the natural wave-guide between the ionosphere and the Earth could be used to propagate very low frequency (VLF) radiation through it in such a way as to affect the electrical behavior of individuals’ own brain activity." - New Scientist Magazine 1976

And finally, just to prove my point:

Combined-Release-Radiation-Effects-Satellite-CRRES

July 1990 to September 1993, CRRES Ionospheric Modification and the Arecibo Heater

Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES)

CRRES was a joint program of NASA and the Department of Defense launched in July of 1990. The spacecraft was placed in a highly elliptical orbit and conducted uniqely active experiments involving the release of chemicals at various locations where the complex interactions between solar radiation and the fields and particles in Earth’s magnetosphere could be observed. Roger R. Anderson of The University of Iowa was the PI of the Plasma Wave Experiment on CRRES which was part of the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory’s SPACERAD project. The mission ended in October of 1991.

NASA EXPERIMENTS

NASA’s experiments are divided into four areas:

Magnetospheric Ion Cloud Injections:: This group of experiments will artificially seed the magnetosphere with plasma and, working with DOD particle and electromagnetic wave investigators, use ground-based optical and radar diagnostics to observe large-scale changes in the cloud. In-situ CRRES measurements will examine smaller, local phenomena. The CRRES instruments also will determine the state of the magnetosphere, providing valuable data to allow the determination of optimal conditions for releases. (Experiments G-1 through G-7, G-10.)
Ionospheric Modifications:: This group of experiments introduces disturbances into the ionosphere to study the friction forces arising from the interaction of high-speed injected plasmas and the ionosphere. Scientists also will inject neutral atoms at orbital velocities to understand why unusually efficient ionization occurs when a fast beam of neutral gas passes through a magnetized plasma. Scientists will compare the observed behavior of the injected plasmas with computer models. (Experiments G-8, G-9, G-13, G-14.)
Electric Fields and Ion Transport:: This group of experiments will study the low-latitude electric fields and the movement of ions along magnetic field lines into the ionosphere in response to these electric fields. (Experiments G-11, G-12.)
Ionospheric Irregularity Simulators:: These experiments will produce large-scale releases of chemicals to study irregularities in the ionosphere and the effects of the ionosphere on the propagation of high-frequency-waves. (Experiments AA-1 through AA-7.)

CRRES Program Experiments

                    Release                                         Release

Experiment no. Chemical Location Altitude Period

SATELLITE EXPERIMENTS Critical Velocity Critical Velocity G-13 Strontium Am. Samoa 270-360 mi. Sept. 1990 Ionization Barium G-14 Calcium Am. Samoa 270-360 mi. Sept. 1990 Barium

High-Altitude Magnetospheric Diagmagnetic Cavity, G-1 Barium N. America 1.3 Re* Jan-Feb 1991 Plasma Coupling G-2 Barium N. America 1.8 Re Jan-Feb 1991 G-3 Barium N. America 3.5 Jan-Feb 1991 G-4 Barium N. America 5.5 Jan-Feb 1991

Stimulated Electron/ G-5 Lithium N. America >6.0 Re Jan-Feb 1991 Aurora Production

Stimulated Ion- G-6 Lithium N.America >6.0 Re Jan-Feb 1991 Cyclotron Waves and Ion Precip.

Ion Tracing G-7 Lithium N. America >6.0 Re Jan-Feb 1991 and Acceleration

Velocity Distribution G-9 Barium Caribbean June-July 1991 Relaxation

Caribbean Perigee Grav. Instability G-8 Barium Caribbean 270-480 mi. June-July 1991 Field Equipotentiality

Field Line G-10 Barium Caribbean 270-480 mi June-July 1991 Tracing and G-11 Barium Caribbean 270-480 mi June-July 1991 Equipotentiality G-11A Barium Caribbean 270-480 mi June-July 1991 G-12 Barium Caribbean 270-480 mi June-July 1991 G-12A Barium Caribbean 270-480 mi June-July 1991

*Re=Earth radii

                             CRRES PROGRAM EXPERIMENTS


                    Release                                         Release

Experiment no. Chemical Location Altitude Period

SOUNDING ROCKET EXPERIMENTS Kwajalein Equatorial AA-5 SF6¹ Kwajalein 240 mi Jul.-Aug. 1990 Instability Seeding AA-6A SF6 Kwajalein 150 mi Jul.-Aug. 1990 AA-6B SF6 Kwajalein 150 mi Jul.-Aug. 1990

Puerto Rican Rockets F-Region AA-1 Barium Puerto Rico 150 mi June-July 1991 Irregularity Evolution

HF Ionospheric AA-2 Barium Puerto Rico 150 mi June-July 1991 Modification of a Barium Plasma

E-Region AA-7 Barium Puerto Rico 150 mi June-July 1991 Image Formation

HF-Induced Ion AA-3 Barium Puerto Rico 90-240 mi June-July 1991 Striation/Differential Barium Puerto Rico 90-240 mi June-July 1991 Ion Expansion Barium Puerto Rico 90-240 mi June-July 1991 SF6 Puerto Rico 90-240 mi June-July 1991

Ionospeheric AA-4 SF6 Puerto Rico 210-240 mi June-July 1991 Focused Heating

¹SF6=Sulfur hexafluoride

Conclusion

Blame satellite launches, sounding rockets, HAARP, and Space Weather Modification for barium and aluminum in the sky, rain, and roots. There is always the military and their "national security" to consider, so I'll leave you with this nugget from Rosalind Peterson for you Left-Coasters: